ezHistory

JULY 4th 2011

2011-07-08T05:45:00.001-07:00

July 4th in Washington DC at the World War II Memorial' A spectacular design.

Each State has a column like the one below, to remember all the men and women who contributed.

At the Vietnam War Memorial, the crowd stops to watch the Ranger take a tracing. I am always amazed at how the crowd quiets down when at the Vietnam site.

The Washington Monument with the Capitol dome in the background. The reflecting pool is drained for repair.

Fall in VERNON

2010-11-14T08:31:00.001-08:00

The leaves are gone now, but the flashes of brilliance as they were leaving were stellar.

The Sun helped the beauty of these trees as they changed over.

The Rt. 23 reservoir was gourgeous this morning!

A tree lined road in the heart of town. Why would anyone want to leave town?

A tree in full change...stunning!

LAMBERTVILLE

2010-11-13T17:40:00.000-08:00

In Lambertville New Jersey stands the Richard Holcomb house. It is a private residence, not open to the public. The house and land around it still allow you to see the rush of soldiers around it. In your mind's eye, Washington, his generals, and adjutants met here to plan the movement of the Army. Both in 1777 and again in 1778, Washington used this house as his headquarters.

On 7/29-30 1777, General Washington watched the movements of General Howe in New York City. Everyone expected Howe to march North along the Hudson River to meet British General Burgoyne who was marching South. That was, except Washington, who was unsure of Howe's intention. Howe was using the British Navy to move his troops. Washington felt that Howe's real intention was Philadelphia. Washington had his army cross the Delaware at Coryell's ferry and position itself to mirror Howe's movement. When the British Fleet was spotted off Delaware, Washington moved his army South. The Battles of Brandywine and Germantown were ahead for the Continentals. Burgoyne would march to his Saratoga.

On June 21-22 1778, Washington returned to Holcomb's House. He had left Valley Forge and was again watching the British Army march. This time, the British Troops had left Philadelphia and were crossing New Jersey on foot to return to New York City. Washington had moved his entire army across the Delaware. He was looking for a fight. His army was freshly trained by General Baron von Stueben and Washington knew they could hold their own with the British Army. He was looking for a location, maybe Hopewell or Allentown, or maybe...Monmoth.

CLARKE HOUSE, PRINCETON NEW JERSEY

2010-08-25T05:49:00.001-07:00

The Thomas Clarke House in Princeton New Jersey is starting to have problems. The house, built in 1772, is a white clapboard farm house. The structure is central to the Battle of Princeton fought on January 3rd 1777 between Crown forces and the Continental Army under the command of General George Washington.

The house also became hospital after the battle taking in both British and American wounded. American General Hugh Mercer died here nine days after the battle from being shot and bayoneted.

After two hundred years, the wooden house shows signs of rot.
The rot is especially evident around the windows.

Near the foundation, the rot is also evident.

The shutters, doors, threshold and steps also need work.

Lots of work!

Boards are popping.

Close ups show how much scrapping and painting is needed, but wood replacement is not always so easy to see.

The front steps are not safe!

More wood rot that is clear to see.

The second floor shutters need replacement.

Please help with donations, so that matching grants can be attained.

Please help the Princeton Batlefield Society with donations to help save the Clarke House:

http://saveprincetonbattlefield.org/

DRAKE TAVERN

2010-08-25T05:48:00.001-07:00

On December 5th 1783, General Washington and his staff with Baron von Stueben was entertained for lunch by the people of New Brunswick at the Drake Tavern. It was his headquarters for a time, a short time. He had left his officers at his famous farewell in NYC the day before and was making his way to Annapolis to return his commission to the Congress.

The tavern is now restored and preserved as the Indian Head Tavern. It is part of East Jersey Olde Towne at Piscataway.

FAMILY HISTORY

2010-08-08T18:23:00.001-07:00

Beautiful Pennsylvannia roads lead you to St. Juliana's Church at Rock Lake.

The Roark family reunion has been going on for decades and I have been going for the last twenty. I have rarely been in the company of such gracious fun loving people.

The hall for the reunion. Needs a little work, but it still does the job. Burgers, hot dogs, and chicken are the fare with pizza at night.

The ice house below is now for storage.

The Rock Lake Cemetary has generations of Roarks and descendants.

The inside of St. Juliana's. The original structure burned down. This one was rebuilt in 1866.

The man below is T.J. Roark. He had four daugthers who married and gave him many grandchildren. The Ryan's, McGranahan's, Gill's, Taylor's, Page's, and McCormick's, plus Blue's, Clevenberg's and Tamkin's come together with ever growing numbers to celebrate their grandfather.

The Roark Rocket gives hay rides to all.

The cemetary shows the family members who served their country. The grass is cut and flowers trimmed.

St. Juliana's below is a lovely old church. Mass is out and now the party begins.

Some are not invited to the party!

Little Niagara Falls nearby. It is left over from an old lumber business.

A welcome addition to any celebration. What a surprise.

The reunion is every year and a wonderful chance to get caught up. Place names come alive with all the history and family stories. Grampa's corners, Flat Rock, Rock Lake, Lake Cuomo,, and the Sticker House don't always show up on the map, but they live through the collective memories of all who attend and that is the best kind of history.

JOHN BASILONE

2010-07-25T08:36:00.000-07:00

John Basilone was a Marine Gunnery Sgt. in WWII. He won the Congressional Medal of Honor for his heroism on Guadalcanal and the Navy Cross on Iwo Jima. He died in combat on Iwo.

Sgt. Basilone is remembered with this statue in his home town. He has parades, streets, movies, and books to recall his memory.

Sgt. Basilone is part of the Marine legacy. From the Halls to the Shores, Bella Woods, Guadalcanal, Tarawa, Iwo Jima, Korea, Nam, Iraq and Afghanistan, the Marine legacy continues! That legacy started on January 3rd 1777 in Princeton New Jersey. That is the first land battle the Marines fought in under the command of General George Washington.

You help a little by e-mailing the men below. Help a little more by writing them a letter or alot by joining the Princeton Battlefield Society.

http://www.saveprincetonbattlefield.org/statePark/instituteThreat.htm

So in a nutshell, a portion of the Princeton Battlefield is in danger of being bulldozed. The battlefield, once a mile and a half long is down to 120 acres. 22 of those acres are owned by the Institute of Advances Studies. The Institute wants to build 14 houses on eight acres of this land for their professors.It is a fine institution, but with this construction, it is making a mistake and trampling on our heritage. It is working quietly behind the scenes to accomplish this. This is ill advised!

What I am asking is that you e-mail or write or both the Chairman of the Board and the Director of the Institute your displeasure at the proposed construction. Further, that you contact other people to do the same. You see, both men are mathematicians by trade and numbers count!Please write!

The National Trust for Historic Preservation just wrote an article on the battlefield, check it out.
The website is http://www.nthp.org/. The article will come up as one of the scrolling images in the center of the page.

"Don't Build on the Battlefield, Preserve Princeton Battlefield""Save George Washington"

Thanks,

Joe Carney

Charles Simonyi

Chairman of the Board

Institute of Advanced Studies

http://us.mc463.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=info@intentsoft.com

2821 Northup Way, Suite 250Bellevue, WA 98004----------------------------------------------

Peter Goddard

Director

Institute of Advanced Studies

http://us.mc463.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=pgoddard@ias.edu

Einstein Drive Princeton NJ, 08540

There are also other Trustees to e-mail, please do!
Peter Kane
prk2106@columbia.edu
M. Gehret
mgehret@ias.edu
W. Sewell
wsewell@uchicago.edu

The BACKYARD

2010-07-23T15:24:00.000-07:00

Here I am at the computer again. I have so much to catch up on around the house and certainly my wife can think of so much more. Outside my window is the honeysuckle I planted with the kids years ago. It is now a gorgeous bush that attracts humming birds and bumble bees. My visitor, pictured below is a welcome guest. It forces me to go check my garden.
While there is no humming bird today, the Butterfly bushes at the end of my garden are attracting more welcome guests.

The beautiful butterflies are stunning. I have to stop blogging for a while. I'll check back in later. It's beautiful out, but hot! Be careful.

SAVE PRINCETON BATTLEFIELD

2010-07-22T08:17:00.000-07:00

The beginning of the July 4th festivities. A nice crowd showed through out the day for the various demonstrations and to tour the Clarke House.

I went down to Princeton on July 4th for the battleground festivities. The day was beautiful and the crowd wonderful. They had a good time as did I, until they learned about the planned construction on the battlefield. This was the reason I went, to learn more about this possibility.

I saw an overhead picture of the battlefield, both the State owned part and the part owned by the Institute of Advanced Studies. On this picture was the grid work of the study showing the artifacts found. The Institute plans to build here, it is damning.

I got very excited about this. The loss of this piece of my heritage seems outrageous to me. On July 4th, I decided to join the group to fight this construction, to preserve the battlefield and preserve the Clarke House on the battlefield. I hope you will help too.
You help a little by e-mailing the men below. Help a little more by writing them a letter or alot by joining the Princeton Battlefield Society.

http://www.saveprincetonbattlefield.org/statePark/instituteThreat.htm

So in a nutshell, a portion of the Princeton Battlefield is in danger of being bulldozed. The battlefield, once a mile and a half long is down to 120 acres. 22 of those acres are owned by the Institute of Advances Studies. The Institute wants to build 14 houses on eight acres of this land for their professors.

It is a fine institution, but with this construction, it is making a mistake and trampling on our heritage. It is working quietly behind the scenes to accomplish this. This is ill advised!

What I am asking is that you e-mail or write or both the Chairman of the Board and the Director of the Institute your displeasure at the proposed construction. Further, that you contact other people to do the same. You see, both men are mathematicians by trade and numbers count!

Please write!

The National Trust for Historic Preservation just wrote an article on the battlefield, check it out.

The website is http://www.nthp.org/. The article will come up as one of the scrolling images in the center of the page.

"Don't Build on the Battlefield, Preserve Princeton Battlefield"
"Save George Washington"

Thanks,

Joe Carney

Charles Simonyi
Chairman of the Board
Institute of Advanced Studies
http://us.mc463.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=info@intentsoft.com
2821 Northup Way, Suite 250
Bellevue, WA 98004
----------------------------------------------
Peter Goddard
Director
Institute of Advanced Studies
http://us.mc463.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=pgoddard@ias.edu
Einstein Drive
Princeton NJ, 08540

There are also other Trustees to e-mail, please do!

Peter Kane

prk2106@columbia.edu

M. Gehret

mgehret@ias.edu

W. Sewell

wsewell@uchicago.edu

MONMOUTH

2010-06-20T16:20:00.000-07:00

The 232nd Anniversary of the Battle of Monmouth

At attention on the parade ground.

The reenactors have a long day ahead as temps topped 91 degrees.

The 2nd NJ was there as well as the 11th Pennsylvania Militia.

The Monmouth Battlefield Park was full of tents.

And more tents!

The Light Dragoons.

The sutlers stores, all thirty of them had everything. Uniforms, shoes, boots, dresses, accessories and books are all available.

On this hot day, there were also ices and cold drinks.

A cannon demonstration.

The reenactors go all out and everyone was very friendly and ready to answer all questions.

The kids had a great time joining up with the Continental Army.

The soldiers had a different idea of what to drink in camp.

The British Soldiers in a drill.

The fife and drum.

The Americans get ready to march off to the battle.

Washington gives a great speech to the men.

The men are ready!

Last minute adjustments.

Some of the finery available.

From behind the safety line, we watch the dragoons and infantry fire at the British and Hessian's.

More troops move into position.

A counter march.

Washington arrives on the battlefield to steady the men.

The Americans are being flanked here.

The Hessian Jaeger and British foot soldier move up to fire.

The Hessian's are flanking the American position.

The American 4th Light Dragoons have dismounted and are fighting on foot.

The British have moved up to support the Hessian position.

The British have taken the field, until Washington regroups and forces them back.

6/28/1778, the Battle. The American Army stood toe to toe with the best Army in the world. The day was considered a draw, but the British left the field and retreated. It was the biggest and longest battle of the war. Casualties were high as men died from heat as well as battle.

6/19/2010, the re-enactment. I drove 190 miles to see the reenactment. It was $8 a car load, what a deal. The park is beautiful. This was so cool and my kids loved it. It was a wonderful Father's day present.

WASHINGTON"S FAREWELL

2010-05-25T03:44:00.000-07:00

The FAREWELL - a work in progress

I was surprised to learn that not much is known about the list of attendees to be at General Washington's Farewell on Dec. 4th, 1783. It was held at Fraunces Tavern in New York City.

On December 4th, 1783 General George Washington was preparing to leave New York City and begin his journey to Annapolis where the Continental Congress was. There he would surrender his commission and go home to Mt. Vernon, the Revolutionary War concluded. On this day however, December 4th, Washington had asked Samuel Fraunces to prepare a Farewell Dinner for his officers at Fraunces Tavern. The tavern is where Washington and his staff had resided since the Continental Army had taken control of the city on November 25th, 1783 from the British and Hessian forces who occupied the city since 1776.
Washington had waited patiently for the British to set sail and leave New York Harbor. His Army or what was left of it was more of a police force for the returning Continental Authorities under Governor George Clinton. Washington was forced to furlough the army over the passing of 1783. Congress could not pay the army and promises were no longer believed, so small mutinies were breaking out. Even the officers were speaking harshly about Congress and Washington could not hold everything together any longer.
He disbanded his 20,000 man army down to about 900 men, infantry and artillery units. His personal thought of a grand farewell was not to be. So as the British and Hessian Armies withdrew down Manhattan Island, Washington and his small force followed, all protocols followed. Washington's party was led by the 2nd Reg. Light Dragoons.
Washington witnessed the British boats leaving the battery, rowing out to their ships. He saw the Stars and Stripes being raised and the cannon salute. Now he waited for the ships to sail. They needed the right winds and currents to get underway. In the meantime, Washington was expected to attend dinners and celebrations of the New Yorkers who were free from British rule. Washington had to also go around to various shops and clear the names of men who were thought to be Tories, but were actually spies for him during the war. One of these spies was Samuel Fraunces, the owner of the tavern where Washington was residing.
New York City of 1783 was certainly not the City it is today. It was more of a large seafaring village with farms on the outskirts. After seven years of British occupation, it was a dirty city in shambles. There were two fires during British control and no rebuilding. Churches and warehouses were used to quarter soldiers and horses. Fences were torn down and burned for firewood. British Officers occupied the homes of patriots who had fled prior to occupation. Supplies from upstate New York were only just starting to get to market.
Still, Washington was treated to dinners and celebrations. Fireworks that he ordered for his headquarters in Newburgh were brought and set off in lower New York. A spectacle by all accounts. Now the time had come for his Farewell Dinner. Washington had Fraunces prepare for 40-50 officers to attend. First, it was held at noon and was a luncheon not a dinner. The newspapers at the time did not list all who attended, so research was needed to determine who was there. Historical accuracy is demanded, but tough to come by. Over time, nice stories were written and paintings made that were more wish lists than reality. You have to cut through that to find who really was in attendance.

Three examples of how this works are as follows. General Israel Putnam would be a logical choice for being there and he is in a painting, however he suffered a stroke the year prior and was at home. Samuel Fraunces was the tavern owner, logical for him to be in the reception room, but he is not mentioned and there is no account by his hand, so we don't know for sure. Colonel Benjamin Talmadge wrote the accepted account in his memoirs of the farewell between Washington and his second in command and good friend General Henry Knox. So now we know that Washington, Knox and Tallmadge were there and that's how it works for accuracy.

100%
General Henry Knox (1)
Baron Von Stueben (2)
Alexander McDougall (2)
James Clinton (2)
Col. Benjamin Talmadge (1)
Henry Jackson (2)
David Humphreys (3)
William Hull (5)
Benjamin Walker (3)
David Cobb (3)
Maj. Robert Burnett (4)

The following officers are listed on the roster of the First Continental Regiment included in the work of William E. Birkhimer. Which were selected to go to Manhattan or ordered to Fort Schuyler or left at West Point, that is the question. Here are the officers and my reason for why they were there.

May have been there:
Maj. Caleb Gibbs- 99% former commander of Washington's Guard.
Lt. Charles Seldon- adjutant and staff of Col. Henry Jackson- 99%.
Lt. Henry Nelson- quartermaster and staff of Col. Henry Jackson- 99%.
Lt. Thomas H. Condy- paymaster and staff of Col. Henry Jackson- 99%.
John Hart- Surgeon- 99%.
Capt.s
Joseph Williams- 99%
Issac Frye- 99%
Job Sumner- 99%
William Mills- 99%
John Hobby- 99%
Joseph Potter- 99%
Elnathan Haskell- 99%
Thomas Hunt- 99%
Simon Jackson- 99%
Lt.s
Patrick Phelon- 99%
Thomas Cushing- 99%
Jonathon Haskell- 99%
Ralph Bowles- 99%
Nathanial Stone- 99%
Joshua Merrow- 99%
Garmaliel Bradford- 99%
John Adams- 99%
William Pickard- 99%
Ens.s
Caleb Swan- 75%
James Sever- 75%
James Sawyer- 75%
Elisha Horton- 75%
Jeremiah Lord- 75%
John Rowe- 75%
John Groton- 75%
Amasa Jackson- 75%
Charles Jackson- 75%

Artillery
Maj. Sebastian Beauman- 99% aide to Knox and officer in charge of fireworks display.
Capt. John Doughty- 99% commander of artillery and future head of the US Army.
Capt. Lt.sWilliam Johnson- joined with Doughty- 99%.
Ephraim Fenno- also joined with Doughty- 99%.
1st Lt.s
William Price- not there, at West Point
Samuel Jefferds- not there, at Fort Schuyler
2nd Lt.s
Joseph Bliss- 99%
James Bradford- 99%
Lt.s
Alexander Thompson- 99%
John Reed- 99%

I placed 99% and 75% after the names. 99% is after the senior officers for a few reasons, length of service to both Knox and Jackson being one. They were also most familiar to Washington, a fact not lost on Knox. 75% is after the most junior in rank. The Ensigns may have been at the dinner or more likely taking care of the enlisted men in NYC.

It was indeed very difficult to research all this and more is to follow. Below are my sources:

1. Memiors of Benjamin Tallmadge
2. General Washington's Christmas Farewell- Stanley Weintraub
3. Pennsylvannia Packet
4. Eminent Americans- Benson J. Lossing
5. The Artillery, United States Army- William E. Birkhimer
6. Itinery of General Washington- W. S. Baker
7. Papers of Henry Knox- Morristown NHP

Thanks to S. Minegar and the Morristown NHP staff, all were great. Also, thanks to Lt Mark Kryza.

FESS PARKER

2010-04-27T17:41:00.000-07:00

I recently read that the actor Fess Parker passed. This saddened me as part of my childhood slipped away with this knowledge. If you don't know, Fess Parker was the "king of the wild frontier". He was the actor discovered by Walt Disney to portray Davey Crockett in the TV series of the same name. He was my childhood hero as he was to most of the children of my generation. After the Crockett series was over, he moved on to portraying Daniel Boone in the 1960's. He was in a few movies, but really his name was made by playing two frontier heroes.
It was because of Crockett and Boone that I have one more memory which they play a part in.

When my son Myles was a little boy, I took him for a hike in Vernon. It was to be a little father-son bonding time. We left Mommy at home with his baby sister and set out. It was a beautiful Spring Day, warm and clear. We walked into the forest across the way and joined the trail that led into the meadow beyond.
I told Myles we would be on the trail like Davey Crockett. He already had on his coonskin cap (not real) and we walked along. I showed him how to read the trail. We looked for moss on the North side of the trees. We looked for landmarks like big rocks. I pointed out the Red Tail Hawk perched in the tree overhead. we looked at the deer tracks in the soft dirt. Then we came out into the high grass of the meadow. I lifted Myles up so he could look all around...great!

Now it was Myles turn to show me the way out. We retraced our steps climbing over the downed trees that fell across the trail. We passed by a small side trail that a landmark told Myles was the wrong way. We moved further back on the trail. Then we came to a three way split. It was not visible on the way in, so it was a true test.

Myles looked left, right, and center, he paused. He picked a stick and hit the nearest tree. He dropped the stick. He closed one eye and pointed at each trail again and again till his finger stopped at the center trail. He turned to me and said this one Daddy. He was right!
He walked along happy and proud. I asked him, how did he figure it out? What trail clue did he use? I did what Mommy told me...we stopped.

What did Mommy tell you? Mommy said if I get confused, to use my pointer finger and go enny minny miney mo. My heart sunk. It was still a great day.

GLENWOOD

2010-04-15T12:54:00.000-07:00

Now a private home, this building was the Glenwood General Store owned by Daniel Bailey. Bailey was a captain in the Civil War for the New Jersey volunteers. When he returned, he became a mover and shaker in town. He had the family farm, and started the general store above and the grist mill pictured below.

The grist mill is now a bed and breakfast with a beautiful waterfall behind.

Bailey had numerous ventures which helped Glenwood and Vernon grow.

The beautiful Apple Valley Inn. Built in 1831 and is also at the 517 and 565 intersection.

The barns at the corner of 517 and 565 in Glenwood. When it's apple picking season, you start here.

Now it's the Pochuck deli, but it was built as the North Vernon Methodist church in 1863.

Glewood is still a gorgeous community and very country.

VIEWS OF VERNON

2010-04-08T05:32:00.000-07:00

The Llama here is one of Vernon's residents. There are farm animals all over town and the kids love to stop and look. Watch out, Llamas can be nasty.

Spring is the time to see new calves. That's some of the ski runs on the mountain in the back left.

Hay rolls in the open meadows on a beautiful Spring Day!

Above is the town center of Vernon with the East mountains in view to show the valley.

NORDIC HOUSE

2010-04-07T08:20:00.000-07:00

I recently read the Jan Baker article in the Advertiser about the Nordic house Coffee Shop on Rt. 94 by Fergusen's Funeral Home. So I stopped in and had some coffee...WOW! Delicious!

The article was about the township allowing or rather, not allowing low tech sandwich boards as advertising.
I can appreciate that the township doesn't want a lot of clutter on Rt. 94, but there are a lot of small businesses along the roadway that need our support.

The Nordic Shop has great coffee, smoothies, treats and a nice atmosphere. While I am late to this discussion, I hope my letter to the town council will encourage them to reconsider their position on denying sandwich boards. As the author of ezhistory.com, I have driven all over the country and seen small business districts like ours.

You can look at Rt. 66 and see what works and doesn't . There are alot of low tech and fun logos all over that Vernon can try as well under township control. Regardless of what they decide on, they should try something to encourage and support the small business in town.

VERNON, NJ

2010-03-30T03:27:00.000-07:00

GOLD!

It's not in the hills around Vernon, although it once was in small quantities. Canistear Mine had small traces.

The real treasure is the families that live here. All sports are available on beautiful fields.

Hiking trails through preserves to see Red Tail Hawks and all the other species. Deer and Bears are around, so you have to be carefull.

Still, when you walk out your front door and see the seasons change, there is no other place than Vernon.

It's a great town for families.

CANNONBALL HOUSE

2010-03-26T01:22:00.000-07:00

The Cannonball House in Springfield NJ.

The British and Hessian Armies attacked from Elizabethtown West towards Hobart Gap. The goal was Morristown and the supplies kept there and any small part of the Continental Army in camp.

The Militia rose up and General Nathanial Greene led them to resist the attack and turn back the British. Not before the town of Springfield was burned down. Washington returned here to see this surviving house and three others. They were spared because the British used them as hospitals.

General Washington stayed here for a few days to be sure the British would not return.

When the house was repaired, a cannonball was discovered in the rafters. The projectile and the house are part of the Springfield Historical Society.

DE WINT HOUSE

2010-03-25T12:38:00.000-07:00

Washington visited Tappan New York 4 times through the war.

8/8/- 8/23/1780.

9/28/- 10/6/1780.

5/4/- 5/8/1783.

11/11/-11/13.1783.

The restaurant above was a tavern at the time of Benedict Arnold
and was where British Officer Major John Andre was held prior to his execution.

Below is the marker for the gallows where Major John Andre' was executed for spying and his participation in the Benedict Arnold affair.

The DeWint House today as it is maintained by the Masons.
Washington met with British Officers and officials prior to the surrender of NYC at the DeWint House. Over a banquet, the terms were stuck for the British withdrawl.
To the Masons credit, the House is now dedicated to Masons that were on both sides. I think George would have liked that.

Above and below is the John De Windt house. A modest farm house where General Washington made his headquarters.

NEWBURGH, NEW YORK

2010-01-28T14:23:00.000-08:00

NEWBURGH New York
The Hasbrouk house on a bluff above the Hudson River was General Washington's headquarters from 3/31/1782 to 8/17/1732, his longest stay at any time during the war. He did move around and see other commanders during this time, but the main camp was Newburgh. It is eight miles above the West Point defenses.

The war was really over after the victory at Yorktown, but the army had to be maintained since Britain did not withdraw it's armies after the defeat. New York City was still occupied and there was a sentiment in Britain to not give the colonies up just yet.

The Hasbrouck house was a modest Dutch home. When you visit, you will discover the house to be small but comfortable. You will also find it hard to believe that Washington, Martha, his aides and servants all lived here and the vast number of guests that came.

The property will allow you to walk towards the bluff overlooking the Hudson River and see Beacon Mountain across the river. On top of the mountain was where the American army had bon fires to warn of the British approach.

The front of the Hasbrouck House. Here Washington directed the army in the final months of the war. He also stopped the talk of his officers marching on Congress to demand their back pay. He stopped the idea of the United States becoming a monarchy with him as King. He gave orders to protect the Congress when Pennsylvania soldiers marched on Philadelphia for their pay. Congress moved to Princeton NJ and Washington moved closer to deter more mutinies.

"The Minuteman" by Henry Kitson was placed on the grounds in 1924.

The Tower of Victory built in 1890 to celebrate Washington's stay.

This headquarters was also where Washington developed a medal for the soldiers who demonstrated heroic action. The medal developed into the Purple Heart.

TRUMBULL MANSION

2009-12-17T14:27:00.000-08:00

In Lebanon CT on 3/4/1781, Washington stopped at the home of Col. Jonathon Trumbull. Washington was on his way to Rhode Island. Lebanon is still a farm community on a crossroads.

Below is the home of William Williams, a signer of the Declaration of Independence and also from Lebanon.

The War office for Trumbull is just down the road from his home and across from the town green. On the green, Washington reviewed the cavalry Legion of the Duke de Lauzun. Originally the War office was the merchant shop for Trumbull.

Below is the home of Col. Jonathon Trumbull, future Governor of of Connecticut. He was also Father of John Trumbull. The younger Trumbull was an aide to Washington and a painter. His paintings are famous and one is on the back of the twenty dollar bill.

MORRISTOWN

2009-12-15T08:12:00.000-08:00

Morristown New Jersey was home to Washington's headquarters numerous times during the Revolutionary War. This statue commemorates the frequent stays by the General.

Starting on 1/6/1777 to5/28/1777, the General retreated to Morristown after the victory at Princeton.
He stayed at the tavern owned by Co. Jacob Arnold on the town square. The building is now gone. So was much of the army. Washington depended mostly on the militia. They harassed the British Soldiers preventing them from resupply.
Washington was afraid that the British would discover how weak he was and attack. The militia activity prevented the enemy from gaining a clear picture of their advantage. The supplies that Washington needed came in slower and slower.

He tried to rebuild the army and challenged the British and Hessian forces who came to New Jersey for supplies.
He also organized an attack on Staten Island under the command of Lord Stirling. Alexander Hamilton became one of his aides.

He returned 7/4-7/10 1777. Washington was not sure of what General Howe in New York City would do. Would Howe move North to join up with General Burgoyne or South to attack Philadelphia. He moved the army to Morristown to position himself to go in either direction.

He stayed overnight at Arnold's Tavern on 6/3/1779. The British seemed to be making an advance on the Hudson Highlands and Washington stopped overnight before pushing on for West Point.

Returning again on 12/1/1779 to 6/6/1780, Washington stayed at the Ford Mansion. The trials endured by the Continental Army while encamped at Morristown are incredible. The army was starving, maybe eating every 3-5 days. It was a terrible winter with bitter cold. The only good news that came out of this camp was the news from Lafayette that the French would come with troops and a Navy to support Washington.

Again on 11/27/1780. Washington stopped to visit troops in the hospitals before moving on to New Windsor.

Lord Stirling's Headquarters in Parsippany near Troy Hills. A private home.
Stirling protected the North flank of Washington's command. From here, he launched his attack on Staten Island with the use of hundreds of sleds to move troops.

Reproductions of the cabins for the troops at Jockey Hollow.

More cabins and a training ground in front of the cabins.

The Ford Mansion. It is a beautiful museum open to the public.

The troops cabin in front and junior officers cabins to the rear. Endurance levels would have been unbelievable. Thank goodness they had it.

WASHINGTON'S CROSSING

2009-12-08T19:00:00.000-08:00

Looking at Pennsylvania from New Jersey across the Delaware. The river is smooth and beautiful now unlike the night of Washington's Crossing.

It is 1776 and on the night of December 25th, Washington assembled what was left of his army and put them on boats to cross back from Pennsylvania into New Jersey. He planned a surprise attack at dawn on the Hessian's who were occupying Trenton. These were the same Hessian's who were ferocious in the Battle of Brooklyn. They bayoneted all who came in their path, including those who surrendered.
There were about 900 Hessian's, Washington had about 2000 worn out men left.

Washington had approximately 25,000 men at the Battle of Brooklyn in August. He lost 95% of his command in the battles that followed and his retreat across New Jersey. If he did not attack now, then the rest would be lost along with the cause.

The McConkey's Ferry Inn in Pennsylvania. Washington gathered troops together here for the crossing of the Delaware. Barely fed, freezing and their enlistments about to expire, it did not seem that Washington had anything going for him with these men. A closer look shows that they were tough. Some had fought at Bunker Hill and at every battle since. Yes, they had lost, but they would not quit. They had given their word to finish out their enlistments and that is what they would do. Also, with every battle, they and their officers became better soldiers and better professionals.

Below is the Thompson-Neely House. Now a museum, in the days leading up to the crossing, it was headquarters for General William Alexander, aka, Lord Stirling. His Lt. was James Monroe, future President.

A reproduction of a ferry boat that would have brought horses and cannon across the Delaware for Col. Henry Knox. Below is the Merrick House, headquarters of General Nataniel Greene. Greene led the left wing of Washington's attack on Trenton. The home is privately owned.

The Keith House, Headquarters to General Washington from 12/15/1776 to 12/24/1776. The house is privately owned and modernized, but you can still see the old outline of the original.

The Nelson House on the Jersey side of the Delaware. Washington was given a quick bite by the inhabitants. He watched the boats coming over the river. He knew he was behind schedule, but turning back was not an option. The watchword for the night was "Victory or Death".

The journey from the ferry to Trenton was about nine miles over frozen roads in the dark. The horses to pull the cannons were not able, so the soldiers had to pull and push the artillery all the way. Two Continental soldiers laid down on the side of the road and never got up, frozen. Washington wanted to attack at dawn, but he was hours behind. Fog rolled in giving him time and saving the attack.

Old time Trenton roads were laid out in the shape of a capital A. The top of the A was pointing North and a road led North-east to Princeton. The left leg of the capital A was closest to the Delaware River and the right leg led South to a bridge over the Assunpink Creek. Trenton was a sleepy little country town in 1776. The Hessians were an outpost for the British Army which was camped at Princeton. Colonel Johann Rall was in command. He was a tough veteran commander, but careful with his troops. He had beaten the American rebels all summer and had no respect for them as soldiers.

Washington stayed with the left wing of his army and split again to stay with the center of the attacking force made up of the artillery. General Greene would lead General's Stephen, Mercer, and Lord Stirling on the left flank. General John Sullivan led the right wing of Glover, Sargent and St. Clair along the river and stop at the bridge South of town to prevent the Hessians from escaping Washington's trap.

At 8:15 the attack began with the Continental's coming out of the fog at the Hessian sentinels. The Hessians fell back and the alarm went up. Knox and Capt. Alexander Hamilton swung their cannons into position at the top of the A. Their field of fire controlled both legs of the A. Below is the modern look South into the two streets controlled by Knox's nine cannon.

The Battle of Trenton Monument at the top of the A. Col. Rall could not believe the Americans would attack him and rallied his men. The grapeshot fired down the streets was merciless. Rall watched his men fall and was wounded himself. He tried to fall back and regroup, but he was wounded again, fatally. The Hessian second in command led his men South to the bridge to escape and met with Sullivan's men, he could not break through and was also fatally wounded. The Hessians then moved East of town into orchards only to find General Greene's Division closing in. They were surrounded and drew down their colors or flags, the battle was over.

The untrained rag-tag Americans had defeated the Hessians, killing 22, wounding 84 and capturing 834.

The British purchased the services of 30,000 Germanic Soldiers from German princes. There was no united Germany in 1776. These troops came from Hesse Cassel, Hesse Hanau, Brunswick, Anspach, Bayreuth, Anhalt Zerbst and Waldeck.

Hesse Cassel 16,992 ,
Hesse Hannau 2,422
Brunswick 5,723
Anspach - Bayreuth 2,553
Anhalt Zerbst 1,152
Waldeck 1,225
Total sent was just over 30,000 from 1776 to 1782; 12,562 did not return... 7,754 dead and 4,808 remained in America due to Washington's insistence that the captured soldiers be treated well.
All are generally referred to as "Hessians" because of the large number of Hessians that came and their General Knypyhausen was commander of the entire German force which contributed to the common reference of "Hessian Soldiers".

The Old Barracks in Trenton is open as a museum. It does a great job. Originally built for British Soldiers for the French and Indian War.

The barrels of spirits found in Trenton were destroyed. Washington was afraid of a counterattack and did not want his men unable to defend themselves.

The Crossing is redone every year at Washington State Park on Christmas and a rehearsal day just before.

DEY MANSION

2009-11-20T14:53:00.000-08:00

The Dey Mansion of Totowa New Jersey was home to Washington 7/1-28/1780. It is still a beautiful home and one of my favorites of all of Washington's Headquarters. Colonel Theunis Dey has a wonderful home. The Watchung Hills to the East protect the local militia and army from direct British attack.

While here Washington waited for news of the French. On July 14th, the news came. The French Fleet had come to Newport Rhode Island.

Count de Rochambeau had landed with 6000 thousand troops.

Washington left here to gather forces and protect the flank of his newly arrived ally. The word was, the British were moving towards Newport.

He returns 10/8-11/26/1780. The French Fleet has been caught in the Newport harbor by the British squadron and of late, 10 more ships have arrived from the West Indies.

Washington also learned that his General, Benedict Arnold had betrayed him.

On 10/22, Washington was ordering changes to the Southern army. General Gates, the hero of Saratoga had beaten badly by Lord Cornwallis and was subject to a board of inquiry. Washington had decided to send his reliable General Greene south to rebuild the command.

Washington had learned of the victory at King's Mountain and the link up with the French was underway.

STONE RIDGE

2009-11-18T15:20:00.000-08:00

On 11/15/1782, Washington stayed at the home of Cornelius Wynkoop in Stone Ridge New York. Wynkoop was a colonel in the Continental Army.

Washington dined and stayed the night here before moving on to Kingston NY. His body guard stayed at the tavern across the road.

Washington was moving North to meet with General Schuyler and visit the battle sites of the Northern Campaign.

PRIVATE HOME.

DRAKE HOUSE

2009-11-13T02:36:00.000-08:00

The Drake House pictured was used by Washington on 6/24/1777. It is in Plainfield New Jersey.
Washington moved the Army into the area as the British Army withdrew to the East into Amboy.

The house has been modernized over the years, so I took this picture to show the older lines of the house.

DOREMUS HOUSE

2009-11-12T02:39:00.000-08:00

Captain Thomas Doremus in Montville New Jersey hosted General Washington on 6/25/1780. Washington was not sure which way the British Army was going to march. He thought that they would attack West Point, but then the British moved West from Elizabeth and the Battle of Springfield took place.

Washington was caught between posts.

The house was also used by Rochembeau and the French Army as they marched South to the Battle of Yorktown in 1781. The orchard across the road from the house was the campsite of thousands of French infantry. Alexander Hamilton also stayed at the house.

The house has just been restored beautifully. Go and see!

BAIRD TAVERN

2009-11-11T00:27:00.000-08:00

In Warwick New York, at the town center, is this beautiful church. In the grounds around it, a celebration is held every year on July 27th of George Washington's visit in 1782.
He dined in the Baird Tavern. We don't know for sure if he stayed the night, but we do know that Martha did. Both were on their way to Newburgh New York for the Winter encampment and the end of the war.

The festival has music, kids activities, en actors, food, and local artisans. Some taught my daughter to make a wreath for her hair...nice. Warwick is a beautiful sleepy town. My kids and my wife all had a great time.

The artillery let off a charge to celebrate the arrival of General Washington!

The General and his ensign. The General gave a few words.

The Baird Tavern is open for the day. It has an active support group and has been lucky to have the support of the community.

DAWESFIELD

2009-11-10T05:30:00.000-08:00

A private home.

On 10/21/1777, the British Army pulled back out of Germantown into Philadelphia for the Winter. Washington moved the Continental Army closer and took up quarters in the home of James Morris called Dawesfield. Dawesfield is in Ambler Penn and is privately owned.

Washington stayed here till Nov. 1st, 1777. During his time in residence, he learned of the gallant defence of Fort Mercer in Red Bank NJ. He offered a pardon to any soldier who deserted to return to the ranks, and the outcome of the court martial of General Anthony Wayne.

Wayne was cleared of wrong doing in his leadership at the Paoli massacre. Washington was slowly moving towards Valley Forge.

ROCKINGHAM

2009-11-09T02:42:00.000-08:00

From 8/23/1783-11/3/1783, Washington stayed at the Rockingham in Rocky Hill NJ. The Rockingham was 4 miles north of Princeton. Princeton was the home of the Congress at this time of the war.

The house was owned by Judge Berrian and is near the Millstone River. While in residence, Washington conferred with British representatives over the surrender of New York City.

He also received many guests and foreign dignitaries, dined with Martha and sat for a portrait by Charles Wilson Peale of Philadelphia. The duties of running the army fell to General Henry Knox. While here, Washington made a sizable donation to Princeton.

The house still stands. It has been moved many times, but now seems settled and is in good order, ready for visitors.

An ezhistory tour was attended by this gentleman who didn't get out of frame fast enough.

WYNKOOP HOUSE

2009-11-08T02:34:00.000-08:00

Not a public house.
On 11/15/1782, General Washington stayed with his friend Col. Cornelius Wynkoop in Stone Ridge NY.
Washington was moving North to meet with General Schuyler and a review of the New York State campaign.

At this time, the Asgill incident was concluded. Captain Charles Asgill was a British POW selected by lot to be executed in retaliation for the
death of Captain Joshua Huddy. Huddy was taken prisoner in Monmouth County New Jersey and hanged on April 12th. Letters were written to the French ambassador to intercede with Washington and Congress. Congress allowed Washington to release Asgill, so a pass was written allowing Asgill to travel to New York City and the British Forces there.

Washington moved onto Kingston NY on 11/16/1782. That house is gone.

VAN ALLEN

2009-11-07T05:17:00.000-08:00

The Hendrik Van Allen home was host to Washington on 7/14/1777 in Oakland NJ. Washington was waiting out storms which made the roads impassable. The army was aware of Burgoyne marching South and the surrender of Ticonderoga back to British hands.

Lord Howe had the British Army aboard the ships of the fleet at Staten Island NY. Washington was waiting for some word as to where they were heading. If they went North to aid Burgoyne, he had his army in Northern New Jersey. If they sailed South to Philadelphia, then he would march South.

VAN DOREN HOUSE

2009-11-06T05:21:00.000-08:00

A private home.

On 1/3/1777, Washington left the battlefield of Princeton and moved the army to Millstone NJ, then Somerset Court house. He resided in the home of John Van Doren while some of his officers slept in the barns out back. One of the officers was Lt. James Monroe still recovering from his wounds at the 1st battle of Trenton.

So in ten days, Washington and the Continentals had fought three battles winning all three. With an army weakened from depravation, he had marched, counter marched and outflanked two of the best armies in the world. He would leave Millstone and move the army first to Pluckemin and then Morristown.

DOUGLASS HOUSE

2009-11-05T02:08:00.000-08:00

It's 1/1/1777 and in this small house Washington had a war council. The Douglass house in Trenton NJ. The first Battle of Trenton on Christmas was a victory for the Continentals.
Now The British and Hessian Armies were marching southwest from Princeton to attack Washington in full at Trenton.
Washington had sent out a small force to challenge the British progress on their march. This gave the Continentals time to prepare their position on the hill overlooking the town. The British and Hessians came on and attacked three times into the evening. The ground was covered in dead as the Americans would not yield.

Washington also knew that if he stayed on his hill, the British under Cornwallis would surround him and destroy him. So in the small Douglass house, Washington held a council. Greene, Sullivan, Cadwalader, Mercer, and Knox all voiced their opinions. The plan developed to withdraw the army at night and quietly march northwest to Princeton and attack the rear of the British Army.

So, camp fires were kept burning and the army quietly marched out at night.
They reformed the next morning and attacked the 7000 man British and Hessian Army at Princeton.

The Douglass House is currently being rehabbed and it is needed.

ANTES HOUSE

2009-11-04T12:32:00.000-08:00

The Frederick Antes home was host to General Washington from 9/22-25/1777 in Upper Frederick Township Penn.
Washington regrouped his army in the fields surrounding trying to refit his men with blankets, food and repair weapons. All this in days of pouring rain and while the British Army maneuvered its way into Philadelphia.
Washington would ready his forces for the attack on Germantown.

The house is being restored and needs help.

HERMITAGE, HO-HO-KUS

2009-11-03T17:34:00.000-08:00

The Hermitage in Ho-Ho-Kus New Jersey. Washington stayed here first on 7/10-14/1778 and again on 12/6-7/1778 as the guest of the widow Provost. Mrs. Provost was the widow of a British Officer who had patriotic sympathies. She was also believed by her neighbors to be a Loyalist. By hosting Washington and officers at her home, she showed her loyalty to the cause.
One of the officers she met was Aaron Burr. She later married him on these grounds.

Washington recieved praise from Congress for the Battle of Monmoth and learned that the French Fleet had arrived at Newport.

As you walk the grounds, it is hard to pick out the revolutionary time period. The guides are wonderful and they will help. The house also entertained the wife of Benedict Arnold as she traveled South shortly after the traitor was found out.

KING of PRUSSIA INN

2009-11-02T01:09:00.000-08:00

The King of Prussia Tavern is in King of Prussia Pennsylvania right in the mall area. At the time of the Revolution, it was named Berry's Tavern.

Washington is strongly believed to have Thanksgiving Dinner here with his officers in 1777. Thanksgiving was a New England tradition that Washington would have been familiar with. I do not know what his personal view was, but as a farmer at heart, I think he would have supported it.

It is thought that the name change to King of Prussia was to encourage the Hessian POW's to remain after the war locally. Also there were many officers that served with Germanic roots like Von Stueben and de Kalb.

The tavern eventually became landlocked due to road development for the mall. The state, local chamber of commerce and local interest groups combined to move the tavern and save it. They did a beautiful job!

It is adjacent to the Home Depot and worth the stop. Also, Lafayette was put through the Mason Ceremony here.

BOYLAN HOUSE

2009-11-01T05:18:00.000-08:00

In Pluckemin NJ, Martha Washington joined her husband on 1/4-5/1777 right after the Battle of Princeton. Incredible when you consider that in the month prior, a British raid destroyed the town. The British Cavalry burned the church, robbed many dwellings, drove off cattle and disrupted the village.

On 1/5/1777, British Captain William Leslie was buried in Pluckemin by Dr. Benjamin Rush. Rush was good friends with Leslie's sister when he was younger and studied medicine in Scotland. Leslie was the son of the Earl of Leven. Washington made sure that Capt, Leslie was buried with full military honors.

When I walked in the cemetary, I was drawn to the grave because it was the only Union Jack marker among all the American veteran flags. I wanted to know why.

Also in Pluckemin is the Boylan House, pictured below. Mr. and Mrs. Boylan hosted the Washington's for the Grand Alliance Ball of 2/18/1779. General Knox organized the ball for 400 guests to honor the French-American Alliance. Festivities included a thirteen gun salute, dinner, fireworks and a ball with the first dance between Washington and Mrs. Knox.

It was behind the Boylan House, in the fields that Knox organized an artillery corp. 1600 men with 60 cannons were trained as a forerunner to West Point.

HALE- BYRNES HOUSE

2009-10-31T05:20:00.000-07:00

On 9/6/1777 Washington reined in his horse here at the Hale-Byrnes House in Stanton Delaware. The Continentals had just fought the Battle of Cooches Bridge. After the battle, Washington had a council of war to determine how best to move against the British.

Legend has it that Washington rested in the shade of the tree in front and was brought water by the son of the home owner.

House is in good shape and open to the public the first Wednesday of the month.

HERMITAGE

2009-10-30T05:23:00.000-07:00

The Hermitage in Elkton Maryland used by General Washington on 8/25/ 1777. He dined with Robert Alexander, home owner, who was a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1776.
Three days later, Alexander dined with General Howe and pledged his loyalty to the KING. He left for England, never to return.

Howe moved North with his army to meet Washington at Brandywine.

STREEPER'S ORDINARY TAVERN

2009-10-29T05:24:00.000-07:00

Streeper's Ordinary tavern of Narbeth Pennsylvania.
On 9/12-9/13 1777 Washington stayed here as the army regrouped from the Battle of Brandywine. The army straggled in and refitted.

The tavern owners, misters Streeper and Oridinary had good fare.

The tavern became the General Wayne Inn, seen. It fell on hard times and was bought for use as a Jewish Community Center. I ran into a young Rabbi who was very enthusiastic about the building showing me all he could before he had to go to service.

ROBINSON HOUSE

2009-10-28T05:16:00.000-07:00

The Robinson House in Claymont Delaware. On 8/25/1777, General Washington moved the Continental Army south to meet the British threat to Philadelphia. They marched south through Philly into Delaware.

The house hosted Washington, Anthony Wayne, Lafayette, and "Light Horse" Harry Lee.

The house is in beautiful condition, but is surrounded by a mill district.

POWELL HOUSE

2009-10-26T05:37:00.000-07:00

The Powell House in Philadelphia is a beautiful townhouse from the Revolutionary period. Washington became good friends with the Powell's and was entertained here as often as he visited.
He stayed in the row house next door. That house was torn down. Washington used it after the Spanish Representative who was using it passed away and was buried in Morristown.
The Powell's are known to have thrown a party in Washington's honor in their music room. It was there that George danced with Ben Franklin's daughter.

WENTZ HOUSE

2009-10-25T05:39:00.000-07:00

On 10/2/1777, General Washington stayed at the Peter Wentz house in Center Point Penn. From here the army prepared to attack the British and Hessian forces at Germantown.

Also, on 10/16- 10/20/1777, Washington returned here to draw the British attention away from the forts on the Delaware. The forts eventually fell.

It was here that Washington and the army learned of the victory at Saratoga. General Burgoyne surrendered his entire army. The victory was encouraging for French entry into the war as allies.

The house and farm is in great condition and has visiting hours.

RODGERS TAVERN

2009-10-24T05:41:00.000-07:00

Rodgers Tavern used by Washington and the Continental and french Armies as they raced South to Yorktown. Perryville Maryland
had the ferry needed to move the armies in 1781.

The tavern has been restored, but it is still in need of assistance.

YELLOWSTONE/ GRAND TETONS

2009-10-23T17:30:00.000-07:00

The Grand Canyon may be beyond description and adjectives are insufficient for description. Yellowstone can be described if you use superlatives. Spectacular, amazing, wonderful, beautiful and magnificent! Glorious too!

So here is the Lamar Valley. You will have an excellent chance of seeing herds of Buffalo, Elk and Deer. Sometimes they are close to the road and sometimes you need a good pair of binoculars.

This one was right next to us and we were so excited that we failed to get out our camera until he started to walk away.

On the western loop looking East towards the Canyon. Established in 1872, Yellowstone is the first National Park. It is mostly in Wyoming, but also Montana and Idaho.

Green Springs formed from the HOT water and the minerals.

Emerald Springs. The smell is sulphur and can be pretty strong. Despite all the warnings, people still step on the edges and risk getting burned and damaging the beauty.

Spectacular...right?

Old Faithful! You are in the heart of a thermal area. There are geysers shooting up all around you.

A natural formation opposite Tower Falls below.

The Grand Tetons just South of Yellowstone.

The money shot below at Oxbow Bend.

The view of the Tetons on the way South to Jackson's Hole.

The Grand Tetons with Jackson Lake.

A trail leading down to Jackson Lake and the Grand Tetons beyond. The mosquitoes were very bad.

Just below Yellowstone is Grand Teton National Park. The mountain portion was preserved in 1929 and the valley across from it preserved in 1950 with the help of the Rockefeller family.

VON STUEBEN HOUSE

2009-10-23T05:42:00.000-07:00

The Zabriske- Von Stueben House in River Edge N.J. On 9/10/1780, General Washington stayed here with Lafayette. Both were attending the funeral of General Enoch Poor. Poor commanded the New Hampshire brigade for Lafayette. He was an able general.

The house was also used in 1776. The house overlooked a small bridge that crossed the Hackensack River. The Continental Army was in full retreat and racing towards the Delaware River. They would cross it and regroup. They would meet in Pennsylvania opposite a little crossroads town called Trenton on the banks of the Delaware in New Jersey.

Washington supposedly stood in front of this house and encouraged his men to keep moving.

After the war, the house was given to Von Stueben for a reward. It was damaged in a recent flood and needs help.

SCHUYLER-COLFAX HOUSE

2009-10-22T05:44:00.000-07:00

On 7/12/1777 and again on 7/25, Washington used this house in Wayne New Jersey as his Headquarters. He was the guest of Capt. William Mandeville.
The house has been modernized over time, so I have included photos from the side and rear so your imagination can see what it might have looked like.

At this time Washington was trying to determine where the British Army in New York would move, North to join Burgoyne or South to attack Philadelphia.

Eventually Schuyler Colfax was born here. He became Vice President for US Grant and also became very influential in the West. Colfax Blvd. in Denver is named for him.

MORRIS HOUSE, PHILADELPHIA

2009-10-10T07:39:00.001-07:00

The Morris House in old Philadelphia. General Washington stayed here often as the guest of his friend Robert Morris. Morris was the key in the Revolution developing ways to pay for the army. It is presently restored and used as a B&B.

VAN WYCK HOUSE

2009-10-06T19:23:00.000-07:00

The Van Wyck House in Fishkill NY was the headquarters of the supply depot for the Continental Army from 1776 till the end of the war. The house and 70 acres around it were training grounds, shops, and barracks for the army. The house quartered Washington, Putnam, Hamilton, Lafayette, Von Stueben, John Adams, Sam Adams, and John Jay.

WHITE HOUSE

2009-10-06T19:21:00.000-07:00

The White House Farm in New Brunswick. Washington stayed here on 12/5/1783. He said his farewell to his officers in Fraunces Tavern and proceeded south to Annapolis. The war was over and when he met the Congress, he would surrender his commission.

The house has been remodeled over the years and it is now called the Buccleuch Mansion in the park by the same name. British soldiers were quartered here during the war as New Brunswick was a loyalist stronghold.

HAMMOND HOUSE

2009-10-06T13:20:00.000-07:00

On 7/10/1781, Washington was forced to take lodging in the home of militia Col. James Hammond in Valhalla New York.

The General had been in reviews of French troops with Rochambeau all day in terrible heat. They were then in meetings to discuss an attack on New York.

As the General and his party made their way to Phillipsburg, a storm came up and the rain turned the roads into muddy rivers, impassable.

His local guides brought him to Hammond's home seen here.

This is a small farm house that was almost knocked down recently, till the present owner made a deal with the local water authority to save it. Great for him!

I was glad to learn about this house and Hammond. Hammond was responsible for preserving the supply lines from New England to New Jersey across the Highlands region of the Hudson River. In those days, it was called Hudson's River or the North River. Anyway, Hammond and his militia unit had to scout and fight British and hessian patrols sent north to disrupt the supply line. They also had to contend with their neighbors, Loyalists and a group called the "cowboys" who were mercenaries.

Hammond was kidnapped by his neighbors and did time on a prison ship in New York Harbor which broke his health. He was in prison when Washington came. Hammond survived the War to return to his small farm. I am so glad this house was saved.

Not open to public

National Parks

2009-10-02T18:49:00.000-07:00

How many National Parks have you been to?

For me, it's

Acadia

Grand Canyon

Bryce

Zion

Petrified Forrest/ Painted Desert

Mt. Rushmore

Yellowstone

Grand Tetons

Crater Lake

Craters of the Moon

Redwoods National Park

Point Reyes Seashore

Badlands

DEVIL'S TOWER

2009-09-30T14:09:00.000-07:00

Devil's Tower National Monument founded by President Teddy Roosevelt in 1906. The tower is 867 feet tall. Sitting in 1300 acres of woodlands, the tower is a frequent rock climbing location. The drive up to the ranger station goes through a prairie dog town. The kids loved the activity. The park is in Northeast Wyoming.

MORRIS HOUSE

2009-09-27T13:15:00.000-07:00

The Morris House in Morrisville PA.
Washington used the house from 12/8-12/14 after leading his army from Fort Lee across the frozen fields of New Jersey and the Delaware. The march is what "tried men's souls".
The house sits on a hill opposite the City of Trenton. It was here that Washington started to gather intelligence that led to the attack on Trenton at Christmas and the surrender of the Hessian garrison staying there.

The house presently sits on the local school ground and is in fairly good shape.

The Moland House

2009-09-27T12:57:00.000-07:00

In Hartsville PA, Washington used the home of Joseph Moland to prepare his army for the coming battles to defend Philadelphia. This was known as the Neshaminy Camp.

It was here that Lafayette and Pulaski joined the Continental Army.

The house has been restored beautifully.

NEW YORK- Manhattan

2009-09-15T15:19:00.001-07:00

From 9/16- 10/20 1776, Washington stayed here at the Morris-Jumel mansion. After the defeat at the Battle of Brooklyn, Washington and the Continental Army made a night time retreat across lower New York Bay into Manhattan. They continued their retreat up the length of Manhattan and held their ground. Their resolve surprised the pursuing British Army.

The rear of the mansion with it's unusual eight sided rooms. The house was one of many that dotted the hills of old New York. The owners came here to escape the heat of summer and to catch the breezes that swept over upper Manhattan. For Washington's purpose, the house on a hill gave him great views of the East River, lower Manhattan, and a view of the roads that led North. When old New York City burned down, Washington saw that too.

The view is obscured now, but you can still see the East River and Brooklyn in the distance. In 1776 Washington could see the camp fires of the British and Hessian armies. He also spied the British War Ships sailing up the East River.

The mansion still stands at 160th St. and Jumel Place. All the other houses are gone, but this one still guards silently the spot where Washington planned the war effort.

Middlebrook Encampment

2009-09-15T13:12:00.003-07:00

In the area of Somerville New Jersey, Washington twice visited the ground and houses which became known as the Middlebrook Encampments. In the photo left and just below, Washington posted look outs to see what the British Army was doing up to 30 miles away. Here in the Watchung Mountains, the Continentals would look towards Manhattan, Staten Island and New Brunswick. British forces had New Brunswick as their base. They went out to gain forage or food for their army from January 1777 to July 1777. The Continentals would fight them to prevent the foraging activity.

Left, 30 miles distant is Staten Island.

In Bound Brook is the Van Horne
house used by American General's Lincoln and Wayne. Van Horne leaned towards Loyal sympathies, but was friendly to all who came to his door.

In Bedminster is the Vanderveer House used by General Henry Knox.
Knox used the grounds around the home to set up the first artillery training area for the Continental Army.

The Wallace House in Somerville. Wallace was a wealthy merchant from Philadelphia who just built this house in 1776. Washington used the home from 11/30/1778- 6/3/1779. He consulted with his General's. He was visited by Martha and reviewed his troops.

The library inside the Wallace House. It is easy to imagine the room used by the General and his officers.

In Boundbrook, next to the Raritan River is the Van Vegthan House. This was the headquarters of General Nathaniel Greene. Here during the winter, festivities included dances for the officers. One of the dances was a marathon between General Washington and Kitty Greene which lasted for 3 hours. The house is presently in rough shape and plenty of rehab.

In South Bound Brook is the Abraham Staats House. The Staats house was used by General Von Stueben in 1779.

All the houses are open to the public except the Van Vegthan house and have events to help raise funds to maintain them.

White Plains, New York

2009-09-15T12:59:00.000-07:00

The Jacob Purdy's home in White Plains used by General Washington October 23-27, 1776. Washington pushed his army North from New York along the Bronx River. He chose Chatterton's Hill to defend and the British attacked.

The Ann Miller Farm house just two miles behind the battle line.

Washington pulled his army and crossed the North River or Hudson's River into the Jerseys.

George Washington's Headquarters- Cambridge

2009-09-14T22:30:00.000-07:00

General Washington arrived at Cambridge and took command of the Continental Army. He stayed at the Dean's home below on the Campus of Harvard. He reviewed the troops on the Cambridge Town Green.

Continental troops stayed in the dormitories of Harvard University. Washington looked at the militia's that made up his army. They were brave, but had no discipline. He had a long way to go in molding them into an army.

The evidence of their bravery was everywhere as the grave of the soldier below shows.

Christ's Church is where Washington attended services. He attended mass with Martha to welcome in 1776.

The General left Cambridge- Boston for New York City on April 3, 1776. He had just forced the British Army out of Boston with the help of Henry Knox and the cannons from Ticonderoga.

Coming and Going

2009-09-14T21:48:00.000-07:00

The Silas Deane Home in Wethersfield Conn. Washington visited June 29, 1775 and dined with Deane's wife. He was on his way to Boston and joining the Army in Cambridge. Deane was in France trying to gain aid for the new American cause.

The Webb Home next door was used by Washington on May 19 thru May 24, 1781. Washington met with General Knox, Gov. Trumbull, and Count de Rochambeau to plan an attack on New York. They all left moving towards New York City, but events were starting to unfold in the South.

I know this!

2009-07-20T18:18:00.000-07:00

We drove into Wall South Dakota. We stayed in a little motel that was made up of little cabins that were very comfortable. We were driving in long stretches now and we were tired with a capital T. I turned on the TV and scanned through the channels.
On one of the channels was an Ogalala Lakota Pow- wow. It seemed very foreign to me. The costumes and music were so different, at first. Then I saw a mom go up to her daughter and push the hair out of her daughters eyes and adjust the feathers on her headdress. I knew this woman and her daughter. I did not know them personally, but I knew their actions. My daughter danced in class and Irish Step Danced, I have seen little girls dance in recitals before. I have seen moms make sure their daughters were ready to perform and both force smiles to hide their nervousness. The pow-wow was held in a gym and I knew this too.

The differences started with the music, it was live. The drums and singing were there and not taped. The girls went up in age brackets 7-9, 10-12, and 13-15. The first dance that I saw, the girls had to dance like a bird. All the costumes were brilliantly colored and brightly beaded. The skirts had thin bells attached and all wore beaded moccasin type boots. They mostly had feathers in their hair and wraps that hung long and were brightly beaded as well. The music started and the dance began. The girls did not dance together, but apart yet still mutually supportive of each other. It seemed like they were hopping in small circles until they raised their arms and the wrap would sweep out and they would resemble birds in flight, wings outstretched. Beautiful!

Each age bracket had a chance and the winners brought together for a dance off. At the end of the dance off, it got very different. The judges decided that all the competitors were so good, that all won first place. The MC then shook hands with all the winners, gave them their prize, and then told them they brought honor to their people for their efforts. Now that's different.

The equivalent of princesses were selected from the 15 year old girls to represent the Lakota at local schools and organizations. Here again, the MC thanked the outgoing princesses for the honor they brought to their people over the last year. The new girls received beautiful blankets which brought beautiful big smiles to the winners, I know this!

HEROES

2009-07-16T21:36:00.000-07:00

I grew up learning about Captain Myles Keogh, my ancestor. Myles was a cavalry officer in the U.S. Army in both the Civil War and the Indian Wars. He left Ireland and never went home. He fought bravely and was brevetted up the promotion ladder to Major. When the Civil War was over, he remained in the peace time army. Eventually, he took command of a troop in the 7th Cavalry and in June 1876, met his fate.

Last Stand Hill in Montana. The hills are covered with the white headstones of where the soldiers fell during their brief and vicious fight with the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes under the loose direction of Sitting Bull. Custer made numerous mistakes which are still the subject of discussion. History is subject to revision and Little Big Horn Battle has been revised, I think for the good. The battlefield came alive for me as I walked the site where my ancestor fell. No matter the revision, the men who fought on both sides fought heroically for the cause they believed in.

Additional heroes are to be found at Mt. Rushmore, South Dakota. The heads of the Presidents is unbelievable to behold.

The avenue of the states walking towards the monument. After a surprise $10 for parking, the monument is set up beautifully for viewing. The car plates show how important the monument is to all. For the kids, try the junior ranger program.

History comes in both small and large events. Keogh played a small part in a big event. The Presidents on the monument are my favorites. Each of their actions in office influenced the country for the good. I wonder what they would do now.

CRATERS

2009-07-16T21:23:00.001-07:00

We drove to Crater Lake in Oregon not fully appreciating how remote it is. We drove through forests enjoying the cool air in mid July. As we started to climb the sides of the old volcano, we stopped to have snow ball fights with the piles of snow in the shadows of the evergreens. The view from the top, as you see, was spectacular.

The water that is the lake is strictly from snow and rain. Snow fall in the area is on average 44 feet deep! The lake is 1943 feet deep and that is the deepest in the US.

From the top of Crater Lake, you can see the other volcano tops in the area. It makes you realize how much of the topography of the West was volcanic in origin.

We drove down from the lake through the forest.

The beauty of the lake still etched in our minds. The sky was so blue, it remains etched in your memory.

We left Oregon and drove east to find Craters of the Moon Idaho below.

The park is lava flows with the tubes underneath. The tubes are huge. Their size is displayed by the visitors below. I felt they were like subway stations. I was happy to go below. On the surface, it was 100 degrees. Underground it cooled down to 70...nice. The astronauts used the park for training.

My wife did not like this park. She thought it looked like roadwork debris. I would like to go back, but I think I'll be alone when I do.

NORTHERN CALIFORNIA

2009-07-14T21:41:00.000-07:00

Don't miss the Point Reyes National Seashore. Established in 1962, it is the cooperation of ranchers, dairymen, locals and the NPS that keeps this land pristine. All over the peninsula are small canyons that lead down to beautiful empty beaches(shown).

The beaches are little crescents open to the Pacific.
Also on the North side of the peninsula are a herd of Tule Elk. They were almost extinct, but hard work has brought them back and they are right next to the road.

Tamales Bay on the East side opens up to the Pacific for boaters. Point Reyes was also the epicenter of the 1906 earthquake.

Point Reyes Station is a small town of 91. It is considered among the Top Ten small towns in the country. Love to stay for the bakeries, restaurants, and nature trails, but no time.

Try the Bovine Bakery for breakfast and the Farm House Cafe for lunch or dinner. The cheese tray is local and will give you an indication of the delicious fare to follow.

Continue to drive North up the coast to Legget and so begins the Redwood forest. Eventually you will come to Eureka and this is a great small town too. The old historic district is mostly restored and the mansion below is the largest house I have seen other than Hearst Castle.

After Eureka, continue to Klamath and pay your respects to Paul Bunyan and his pet Babe the blue ox. The Redwoods soar up all around you, 300 feet.

After Klamath is Crescent City and the end of California. We linger in Crescent City at the Lighthouse Inn. This was a roomy hotel and we needed it to regain a little sanity. Crescent City seems to be an artist colony. At least all the artwork on the roadway inbound makes you think so. Crescent City is the only city hit by a tsunami of the lower 48 states.

The coastline is beautiful here as is the whole state. Fog has rolled in and the fog horn sounds. the waves continue to roll in and we must roll on.

We still have miles of Redwood to drive through on Route 199 into Oregon. We feel like we are on a movie set. The trees remind us of E.T., Ewoks, and many other films.

Onto Oregon and Crater Lake.

San Simeone

2009-07-12T21:55:00.000-07:00

With a trip up the California Coast, a visit to Hearst Castle is a must. You would be wise to call ahead for a reservation. Drive north from LA to San Luis Obisbo and turn in on Route 1, the Pacific Coast Highway. The drive from the visitor center up the mountain to the castle is unbelievable. It is truly a castle in the clouds. The house has many tours and the introduction tour is excellent. You are shown through the pools, indoor and outdoor. You are also shown a guest house, the living room, dining room, play room, and movie room. Incredible!

A view from the garden area towards the main house.

Hearst spared no expense in building his home. Artwork and building parts from around the world. His guest list included the who's who of Hollywood, music, literature, and politics. The castle is fantastic and is a great beginning to the drive north.

Before you head out, remember this... gas up before you go. The price of fuel in California is higher than anywhere else I have been. $3.00 a gallon is going rate, but on Route 1 expect to see $4.49 to $5.00, yikes! So be warned, buy up before yo head up.
This leads up to a discussion of general prices on Route 1. Expect a mark up, so value is key.
Across the road from Hearst Castle is Sebastian's Cafe. A great value for the money. Not cheap, but the South West Stack sandwich is awesome. Have a great road trip.

Santa Barbara

2009-07-11T23:40:00.000-07:00

The beautiful old mission church of Santa Barbara. The original chapel is in the back of the church. The church and surrounding structures are restored and in good condition. The mission network go from San Diego to San Francisco. They are along the Camino Real, the main roadway in Spanish California. The native Indians converted to Catholicism and helped to build a new world. The mission system remained integral to Californias development until the United States took over in 1849.

The mission is still an active church and is run by the Franciscans. The courtyard is beautiful with many displays to help you understand the mission and its importance since it was built in 1786.

The town of Santa Barbara is also lovely. Great shops line the street with fresh air markets down the center. Musicians play on the corner and cafes are everywhere.
Santa Barbara is a great day trip from LA.

SAN DIEGO

2009-07-11T07:40:00.001-07:00

In Old Town, San Diego leave the day open. The area was revitalized with shops and attention to old stores and industries. They have many displays for the kids from the Spanish settlement period.

The courtyard that is the center of Old Town is complete with sidewalk shops, cafes, artists, musicians and historical buildings. We had Margaritas at Fiesta De Reyes, great food too and wonderful staff.
I loved the wind chimes and pots in this shop. Prices were easy on the wallet.

Just outside the Old Town Square is the Whaley House. The Whaley House is possibly haunted. Regardless, the interior rooms are decorated to period and are quite nice as they give you a glimpse into early California.

So you could go to Balboa Park and see the Zoo or play Frisbee golf, but spending the day at Old Town was a welcome change for us and could be for you.

Rt.66- Marilyn Monroe

2009-07-11T00:31:00.000-07:00

Marilyn Monroe once said, "I've been on a calendar, but I've never been on time".

And so, I am in Santa Monica at the end of the west bound leg of Route 66. My schedule has been blown to bits, my plans shattered, and my desire to see so much of this road, unfulfilled. Yet, I had a great time.

Rt. 66 was never built for the tourist trade, it was primarily an economic engine. Entrepreneurs saw to it that those traveling along it were entertained and cared for, it was a natural development. If you had a wonder to see near your home town, great. If you didn't, then chances are some one would make one to bring in the tourists. The good ones all seem to still be there.

I had alot of surprises along the way and I could not plan for those. I would not change one. I learned so much about people and the country as a whole, I think this was a common link to the travelers along Route 66 then and now.

The fields, farms, small towns, cities, deserts and mountains are all great in their individual way. I am glad for that individuality. If not for that, then why travel?

Rt. 66- HELL

2009-07-10T21:37:00.000-07:00

The day started off well. We went to Seligman Arizona and took in the harmless craziness on almost every corner. Rt. 66 fever is the reason. In Seligman, a barber named Angel Delgadillo
worked to save the Mother Road that went through his town. He lobbied his state and formed the Historic Route 66 Association. His brother has an ice cream parlor, The Snow Cap, across the street on Rt. 66. He has built a lovely garden in back of the parlor to cool off while you eat your ice cream.

The town is full of fake cars like the cab below with a dummy driver. Other cars have big eyes in their windshields that seem to follow you as you move. The Road Kill Cafe says farewell to all heading west.

From Seligman, we drive to Kingman. We are passing through more towns than we wish due to the lack of time. Kingman's portion of Rt. 66 is undergoing alot of work trying to return it to it's heyday. The Brunswick Inn is being reconditioned and is looking great, another place I'll have to stop back at. We also stopped at Mr. D's for lunch and shakes- yum! We passed the Sante Fe trains on display in the park and made our left to California. The temperature was 100 degrees as we started the 28 miles to Oatman Arizona. We drove under the interstate and out into the dry washes that all warn of flash floods. The locals have boats in their front yards. We kept driving to Cool Springs(below). I guess its the local joke to call this place cool. Just as funny is the three sided outhouse with the back looking at the road you just drove in on.

The temperature is now up to 102 and we begin a part of the road so dangerous, I still can't believe I drove it. Rt. 66 is barely more than two lanes as it hugged the mountain side we climbed up. There were 30 switchbacks and hairpin turns all with me on the outside lane. We climbed and climbed without the protection of safety barriers. There were a few wire barriers, but it was apparent they were already hit and not anchored anymore. I could hear the edges of the roadway crunching under my tires, at least I was sure that was what it was. As we finished the climb, a car had just finished the drive ahead of us. Both driver and passenger got out to thank God they had made it. We were at Sitgreaves Pass, elev. 3550. I stopped and took the picture below, but it really doesn't show the road well. You get an idea of the terrain though.

I drove down from the pass and the road was more of the same. We passed an old closed gold mine and the wreck of an orange car smashed on the rocks below us. We finally got to the ghost town of Oatman Arizona. Oatman was not the ghost town it is written about to be. I saw more deserted towns along 66 than this. The town was packed with tourists and shopkeepers and donkeys! The donkeys were left behind by the gold miners and they have flourished, taking over the town and delighting the visitors.

The donkeys will eat carrots from your hand and seem very tame. The donkeys go anywhere they want, into shops, stop traffic, and poke their heads into open car windows looking for food. Carrots only please.

We left Oatman for Needles California and noticed the terrain on all sides was nothing but rock and sand. The rock was broken up lava sheets from millions of years ago. We drove on. We passed the remains of abandoned houses and stations. 66 straightened out for long stretches and we passed towns that had signs up saying they had populations of 30 or 90, but we saw no one. The sun was starting to get lower in the sky, but the temperature was up to 104. We passed by the remains of hotels. An alley of palm trees with the asphalt between obscured by blowing sand. The alley led back to nothing, just the foundation of a building. Then we came to Roy's of Amboy.

I read an article about Roy's some time back. He had a million dollar town. Station, Cafe, motel, and he ran it 24/7. The town is all but dead now, a real ghost town. The station is all that remains. The doors and windows are broken or boarded up. Most everything is barbed wired in. The temperature has gone up to 109. The attendant tells me it's cool for summer. I drive on towards Barstow and Santa Monica. I have driven over a wicked mountain range today and I see another one on the horizon. The temperature has done nothing but go up and I am assured that it's still pretty cool for here abouts. I can't help but think of the refugees from the dust bowl in the Grapes of Wrath. John Steinbeck wrote about them leaving their hell behind them, only to discover a new hell in California. The desolation they encountered must have seemed a far cry from what they thought they would find. I left Roy's with the Amboy Crater on left heading for my last stop.

GRAND CANYON

2009-07-06T13:18:00.000-07:00

North Rim

We drove from Zion down to Jacob's Lake Lodge just North of the Grand Canyon. It is a lovely, little old fashioned lodge. No TV and barely Wi-Fi, so it was a nice, very nice family meal and quality down time. The staff was very kind. We left the next morning in a misty haze, driving forty miles through meadows and forrests.(Shown below)

We came to the lodge area of the North Rim of the Grand Canyon. The cabins were cute and we felt like we were coming into a special part of the park.

Rubbing the nose of the statue Berty the donkey is supposed to bring good luck.

We walked through the lodge and into the viewing area. WOW!

MORE WOW!

Don't miss the Bright Angel Point. You walk from the lodge out to piece of rock overlooking the whole canyon. It looks easy, except for the altitude. Take care to not get winded from the thin air. The North Rim is not crowded and your park experience is wonderful.

South Rim

We drove the 3 1/2 hours around the canyon from North Rim to South Rim on 89. We came in at Desert View Observation Point. The view here is also spectacular. The parking area was crowded. We drove west from here towards the Canyon village. The viewing points allow stunning views.

We began the day in rain and as the hours passed, the sun broke through and the canyon became gorgeous.

The park has hiking trails, mule trails, and rafting trips available.

We found the roadways choked with traffic on the south rim. It was almost a Wal-Mart parking area on sales days. The view points were impaired by the crowds missing from the north rim.

We found that the lodge area was disappointing. The El Tovar Lodge was beautiful, but it was surrounded by a hodge podge of other lodges that do not always maintain the beauty of the park.
We would go back in a second, but I think to the North Rim.

ZION

2009-07-06T13:16:00.000-07:00

We drove south from Bryce on Rt. 89 to the 9 west interchange. We would not stay on top of the canyon in Zion, but drive down into it.
We passed by the Checkerboard Mesa on sharp curves through narrow road cuts.

We entered the Zion-Mt. Carmel Tunnel and found the tunnel had windows in the side, an engineering marvel. This is a view afforded by such a window. As you exit the tunnel, you drive down via seven switchbacks and a roadway with little barrier for safety. Yikes!

The canyon opens up to reveal the stunning layers of rock cut out by the Virgin River.

The canyon is known among hikers as one of the best trail parks. The best way to see the park is horseback riding. The bus ride up the canyon is also amazing. No matter which way you choose, do not take for granted the heat and hydration. At 100 degrees, it doesn't feel it and it can cause you problems, my wife learned the hard way.

The canyon opens and narrows giving beautiful vistas and taking them away.

After Bryce, going down into the canyon is a welcome change for the different angle of view. You can also jump into the Virgin River at numerous locations if you feel the need to cool off.

On the north end of the park is the narrows. It is a tight cut through the rocks and is dangerous during flood season and you must be very careful in attempting.

Don't miss the Temple of Sinawava which is an easy walk. The Weeping Rock is marked as a short, easy walk. It is short, but not easy as it is a climb. The end is wonderful. The water gently rains down on you from the shale layer and brings you relief from the heat.

Rt. 66- SIDE TRIP

2009-07-06T11:30:00.000-07:00

We left Flagstaff early in the morning on Rt. 66 eastbound and joined Rt. 89 north. We drove for five hours through miles of jaw dropping beauty. We stopped briefly at Kanab Utah for the last gar that was reasonably priced. What could worth the driving time?

Bryce Canyon National Park

Walk up to Inspiration Point and see if it's worth the trip!

You can see the arches forming here that will give way and from more hoodos. That's what you call the rocks that are weathered away like the ones pictured below.

The hoodoos rise up above the forests. The roadway in Bryce runs along the rim of the ridge and allows you to look down on the formations. Then you turn around at the end of the trail and return.

The hoodoos take on shapes that resemble things that cause them to be nicknamed like the poodle andThor's Hammer.

I can try and tell you how beautiful Bryce Canyon is, but my words would not do it justice. The feelings that it generates, you would have to be here to experience for yourself.
Next is ZION CANYON.

Rt. 66- into ARIZONA

2009-07-06T10:44:00.000-07:00

We left Sante Fe and went south on 66 to Albuquerque. The time was right to stop for lunch at El Pinto. You feel like you are invited into a hacienda with all the garden dining and fountains. The price was very right and food delicious. This seems to be a great place for friends or families to gather. City center was in very good shape for 66. The buildings are occupied and traffic good. As we drifted west, we saw more motels and hotels closed.
We entered Gallup N.M. after driving through Reservations, scrub brush, and bluffs starting to rise on both sides of the road. Gallup is vibrant and it seems alot of effort has been spent on the 66 portion. I saw the El Morro theatre and was disappointed to find it still being worked on. The front is restored, but the interior as far as I could see was not finished.
What was a pleasant surprise was the El Rancho Hotel. Pictured below. The hotel is in good shape and the lobby is fantastic if you are an old movie nut. Everybody stayed here when filming in the area. Wayne, Taylor, Douglas, Stewart, Tracy, and Hepburn are just some of the stars to have stayed. The lobby is a rugged old west style reception area. The sign as you leave says it all, "all our guests are stars".

We drove on into Holbrook Arizona.

ARIZONA

The terrain changed again and became more extreme. The time zone changes again giving you another hour. We entered the Painted Dessert/ Petrified Forrest National Park.

The sun was starting to go down and forced the rocks to yield some great colors. A few seconds could make all the difference.

Route 66 wind its way through this area until the realignment for the interstate. We kept on moving west.

We wanted to make Flagstaff before night. We had a big side trip planned and needed to lay up and rest before getting off rt. 66 for a few days.

Things were getting a little blurry.

Rt. 66- City of Gold

2009-07-04T13:28:00.000-07:00

The road to Sante Fe turns sharply north. We leave desert brush country for the higher climates. Pine trees and adobe homes are abundant. Some of the homes are spectacular. Sante Fe, the Capitol of New Mexico has a long history. The native Americans and the Spanish mission system still heavily influence the city. Sante Fe has been a major crossroads since it's beginning. The Sante Fe Trail and Pecos Trail were already in long use before Route 66 arrived.

Route 66 into Sante Fe pictured. The old route takes you into the heart of the city. Everything is adobe styled due to strict building codes. the only difference is which hue of tan the exterior is painted. I thought this all nice, but sorta of boring. Why not let a little color in? I found out why.

Below is the Cathedral of St. Francis of Assisi, the heart of Sante Fe. It architecture is more formal than adobe, but still tan in color.

Sante Fe is a city filled with art. Galleries are everywhere. Musicians are on the corners and good restaurants are plentiful. This is a wonderful city to visit.

Below is the New Mexico Museum of Art. It is on one corner of the plaza, just down the street from St. Francis. The sun was going down and it was time to find some place to eat or so I thought.

As I walked past St. Francis for the second time, I noticed how the sun's rays turned the dull brown color of it's exterior into GOLD.

All over the city, the tan colors I thought dull a few hours earlier had changed. Each one strained to be more brilliant than the next!

St. Loretto Chapel, below showing a golden glow at sun down.

Walking around Sante Fe at sundown, it easy to see how the Spanish could be led to believe in the cities of gold. They searched for gold to fill their pockets, when it was the gold of natures beauty that they were blind to see all around them.

The statue of the sleeping bears below is one of many art works all around Sante Fe.

Artwork that is nature based like the bears and the little Indian boy below are two of the prevalent themes of work in this area.

It is the last drops of sun here in Sante Fe. I missed my chance to stay at the El Rey Inn. The style is of an old adobe inn, with flowers dripping off the balconies and fireplaces in the rooms. This will be another place to return to.

Instead, I stayed at the Comfort Inn on Cerrillos. The hotel is decorated in Southwestern style and the staff was excellent, 8 towels.

Rt. 66- Good Manners

2009-07-04T11:52:00.000-07:00

We continued on through Texas and found more evidence of the effects of Route 66's loss. More business locations closed, towns affected. We drove into Adrian and expected more of the same. At first, we found it and then we came to the end of town. Closed shops, cafes, and stations lined the old route. At the western end of town, you could stand in the middle of the road and look out to US 40. The traffic passing by and not knowing that this town existed.(Pictured below)

The only cafe open on this late Sunday afternoon was the Midpoint Cafe. You see, Adrian is the geographic midpoint of Route 66, 1139 miles either way. Half way here and half way there as locals say. There are 192 people left in Adrian, mostly farmers north of 66 and ranchers south of 66. In it's heyday, Adrian had two dozen assorted stations, cafes, shops, and other businesses for Rt. 66 open 24/7.

Now it's the Midpoint Cafe. We stopped in for pie and coffee, recommended by Gary from Missouri. They were ready to close, but didn't turn us away. The pie was a little pricey, but worth every penny. My wife who makes great pie surrendered her crown to Joanne the pie maker. We sat down with the folks from Midpoint and found that some of the characters from Disney's"CARS" were based on this cafe. My family and I had a great break from the road. I could not help but think that these folks had the 66 spirit that is part of it's lore. We were treated like special guests, treatment that experts are paid big bucks to instill in employees, the folks from Adrian seem to possess naturally, just good manners. The Midpoint Cafe may become a habit for me.

Good bye Adrian and Texas, now New Mexico, the Land of Enchantment.

NEW MEXICO

In Tucumcari, we checked out the Blue Swallow Motel. It is an old route standard and restored. The rooms are made out to look like the forties and the carports are next to each room. The carport interiors are painted to look like famous movies such as "Easyrider" and "CARS". I look forward to staying next time.

Across the old road from the Blue Swallow is the Tee Pee Curios shop. It was closed when I visited, but the inside looked to be bursting with good stuff.

We head off to Sante Fe and leave the scrub brush of New Mexico behind and travel into the Juniper Pines region. The fields on both sides of the road had herds of Angus cows and we were treated to observing two bulls twisting their horns in a duel. Then we had to move on.

Rt. 66- BIG

2009-07-02T21:25:00.000-07:00

As we drove Rt. 66 in Texas, it became clearer how the loss of 66 had crippled many of the towns along the way. I think it possible for you to buy a whole town depending. Despite the financial hardship many of the towns are dealing with, there are bright spots. Things are still done in a big way in Texas.

In Groom Texas, my son is helping me show the water tower. It is not the biggest in the world, but it was built on an angle to cause people to stop and ask why, then they would laugh and maybe buy coffee or a piece of pie. They have good pie in Texas, more on that later.

Also in Groom Texas, there is the largest cross in the Western Hemisphere.

In Conway, there is the Bug Ranch.

The businesses on both sides of the VW bugs buried nose first are gone, the bug ranch continues on.

Next on Rt. 66 is Amarillo and yes we were there in the morning.Amarillo is not the heart of Texas, but this is the heart of Amarillo. The old 66 section is showing signs of urban renewel, just not enough yet.

The Big Texan is a classic of Rt.66 which moved down to Rt.40 and is doing well. Restaurant, hotel, poker room, and other ventures all seem to be living up to the Texas lore.

Could this be the boot of Pecos Bill?

Outside of Amarillo are these 10 Cadillacs buried nose down by artist Stanley Marsh 3. The work dedicated to oil excess decades ago, now seems like tombstones to the auto industry now!

Rt. 66- going to TEXAS

2009-06-29T22:26:00.000-07:00

In western Oklahoma, as the temperatures broke 100 degrees and the cattle herded into the shade provided by the few trees, we drove into Arcadia OK. The round barn above is a local highlight. It is about fifty feet wide and two stories high. Because it is round, it presented unusual problems in roof construction.

The roof from inside looks like a upside down basket. It did nothing to hold back the heat, so we went down the road to POP's!

Pop's Cafe is two years old and is a welcome site to Rt. 66. The cafe is ultra modern with a 40' soda bottle with straw in front. The food and ice cream were delightful and they feature soda pop from around the world.

Pop's walls are glass with glass shelves and have the soda bottles on display. They resemble a church's stained glass. You could say this was a cathedral to soda pop.

TEXAS

I arrived in Shamrock Texas at dusk after a rain storm. The old Conoco Station shown has an aspect of 66 which I haven't covered prior- neon. As 66 was built, electricity followed and then neon lighting. The road took on a different look as neon was pushed to its limits in attempts to advertise. Most of the signs are gone, but some locations are actually restoring their neon and this station is a great example. Just look at the reflection in the wet roads. This station was also featured in Disney/Pixar's CARS movie.

Rt. 66 is largely a service road for US 40. It is parallel and is sometimes in bad shape. Bad enough to rattle your teeth loose. We drove into McClean Texas and found it falling down. There was an old service station at the beginning of town that was turned into a piece of art. After that, the buildings were falling down. Bricks were actually on the sidewalk and in the street. The houses set back from the old route were ok, but the business was all but gone. There was a barb wire museum and at the end of town, the Red River Steak House. I didn't have a chance to eat there, but it was recommended by all.

A piece of art.

Moving on- RT.66

2009-06-29T05:37:00.001-07:00

This is the entrance to Fantastic Cavern, at least the old one, when you had to crawl through a hole in the rocks. Now you can drive in, but watch your head as it has low head room.

The old Sinclair Station in Gay Parita Missouri. We passed with more frequency closed and collapsed buildings. Gary the owner of this station, was a wealth of info used on the rest of the trip.

This is one of the narrow bridges below previously described. The roadway is the poured concrete original bases. We were the only car on the road at this time.

After winding through the back roads, we popped out in Carthage Missouri. This is the local courthouse. It rises like a castle above the surrounding town square, beautiful. It looks like a movie set.

Galena Kansas above.

The Cafe on the Route is in the old corner bank building above. It is in Baxter Springs Kansas. It is more than road food, but cuisine. Try the Aztec Chicken. By the way legend has it, the bank was robbed by Jesse James. Next is the Rainbow Bridge just outside Baxter.
Baxter was also a site of Quantrill's raiders during the Civil War. The small Union garrison held them off. Rt. 66 is only 12 miles long in Kansas, so on to Oklahoma.

One of the surprises of Rt. 66 was the Will Rodgers Memorial in Claremore. It is really well done and kid friendly.

This next bridge photo is the Avery Bridge looking back at Tulsa, Another bridge too narrow for traffic and is now a walkway.

The roadways are largely untouched in Oklahoma. You still cross over and combine sometimes, but the interstate was built mostly away from 66. The tree covered rolling hills of eastern Oklahoma give way to more gradual grades and less trees. We are heading into Texas.

Rt. 66 Realities

2009-06-28T06:24:00.000-07:00

Outside of St. Louis in Missouri, the road signs smooth out. Also, you can count on Rt. 66 being the service road through the state. There are times when you get bounced back to the interstate, but when you are on 66 it is largely rewarding. You do drive down Main Street USA.
That was the point in 1926 when the highway was approved and work started. The roads west of the Mississippi were dirt with some paved around the cities and towns. The idea was to link the paved roads and allow for better commerce between Chicago and St. Louis. This would spread to other states allowing a link from the heartland to the coast. The southerly route was chosen because of its better climate and easier road maintenance. This was impressive to Army Officer Dwight Eisenhower who was involved with a convoy from D.C. to California which took months because of bad roads. The rest of 66's importance and lore came around because of the migration caused by the Dust Bowl, the World War, and the return of the GI's with their access to cars and a desire to see the nation.

In 1956, that same Eisenhower signed into law the Federal Interstate Highways Act and gave us the road system we know now. It is beautiful, but it meant slow death for many of the communities along 66. In Missouri, the roadway has been covered over and used for the interstate. The towns affected have dealt with the loss or slowly become ghost towns. The businesses that once flourished are closed with the buildings collapsing and overgrown. Not all, but alot. Some of the building are now Adult entertainment business. The multitude of gas stations are largely closed. They were too small for today's trucks. They have become abandoned or are Rt. 66 info stops.

You can still find some of the attractions off 66 in operation. If they were successful during 66's heyday, then they might still be around. Once such attraction is the caverns at Springfield Missouri, in a word fantastic. The Fantastic Caverns are the only caverns in the US where you can drive through it. It is worth the trip. It was 100 degrees out and we went 126 feet down into the 60 degrees of cool. The rooms are so big, that you could hold a concert in them and they did in the 1960's for Ozark Country radio.

As Rt. 66 in Missouri came to an end, we got to see more of the original Route 66 roadway. There are places where you can stop and see the poured concrete roadway bed that was never asphalted over. It was poured and hand floated and brushed by armies of men who camped out to get the work done. There no hotels or service stations or very, very few and everything had to be brought in. The bridges were also very narrow. There were no shoulders anywhere and in some parts only room for one vehicle at a time. This was tough driving conditions. In some of the museums along the way, they write about the trucking companies who drove in teams. Each driver would have section of the road like the pony express.

At Gay Parita Missouri, station owner Gary was a wealth of information about the old roadway and all the turns that I was about to drive. His garage was built in 1927 and station in 1930. Around him are some of the many buildings that housed business, that are now closed and overgrown. I am told it will get worse before it gets better.

Rt. 66 to St. Louis and beyond

2009-06-27T07:42:00.000-07:00

We left the Cozy Dog Drive In and drove south on 66. More bad signs and u-turns to find our way. Finally, we came to Henry's Rabbit Ranch. Henry has a collection of memorabilia all around his place and was very helpful. He looks closed due to all the rust on his cars, but he's not thank goodness. He is located just below Staunton.

Did I mention Henry loves rabbit's?

After getting straight at Henry's we curved our way down to the Chain of Rocks Bridge. Just keep going southwest to Chain of Rocks Road and cross Rt. 3. The bridge you see is not it. Go over the City of Madison Bridge and past the landfill to the parking area for Chain of Rocks Bridge. It is decommissioned for traffic and open for bikes and walks. It was 100 degrees when I visited and when I started up the grade to cross the bridge, it was blazing! The trees were as high as the bridge here and the air didn't move. The swamps below gave the air a sweet-sour smell. The roadway is very narrow, hardly room for one car much less two. Then I broke out past the trees. The breeze was refreshing. From mid-point you could see all the way down to St. Louis and the Arch.

The Arch was amazing, 630 feet high. The area around it is the court house plaza with new Busch Stadium...nice. The display under the Arch was well done. It starts with a statue of Jefferson looking West. Then you walk around seeing all the things, places, people and events that shaped the Nation. Lindberg, Custer, Kit Carson, Jim Bridger, Eisenhower, Red Cloud, Sitting Bull, Chief Joseph among too many to name. The Missouri, Judith, and Colorado Rivers.

Gold strikes, Dust Bowls, War, and farm belts. Enjoy the Arch, but leave time for the display.

It was 101 degrees and we needed refreshment. On Rt. 66 Ted Drewes Custard is the place to stop. We waited through the crowds.

Ted has a shake so thick, you can turn it over and it will not spill! Ingredients are plentiful and you can have it anyway you want. With a cold shake in hand I was ready for another thousand miles.

The reality of 66 is that there are too many places to stop and see. While I am not in a rush, I do have limits. Also, the poor sign issue is killing me. If you are lucky it takes 15 minutes to straighten yourself out, but usually it's longer. Henry also told me that signs were out there, but travelers sometimes borrow them to show their friends at home, my loss.

Rt. 66 at Springfield Ill.

2009-06-26T06:05:00.000-07:00

Rt. 66 passes through Springfield, the Capitol of Illinois. This the land of Lincoln. It's good to see that they have not forgotten him here. For example, they have the Lincoln Savings and Loan, Lincoln Middle School, Lincoln Grill, Lincoln Tanning Salon, Abe's alteration's, Lincoln's Lavatories and the list goes on. A touch of overkill.

We visited the 16th President's home and Burial Monument at Oak Ridge Cemetary. Lincoln lived in what is now the downtown of Springfield. He left here in 1861 never to return. He was emotional about Springfield saying," to this place, and the kindness of these people, I owe everything..."

The house was close to everything for Mr. Lincoln his office and the old Capitol Building. To the left is his office with hs partner Herndon.

The old Capitol is where Lincoln gave his house divided speech. The insides are open to the public and are beautifully preserved right down to the seat that Licoln occupied with his stove pipe hat resting there waiting his return.

Downtown Springfield is a mix of building styles that reflect its growth. At present the old houses are being restored and they are doing a beautiful job. One house restored by the state is the Dana-Thomas house. The house was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1901.

It is a three bedroom house with 12,000 square feet of living space. It was the first house in Springfield to be wired for electricity.

The dining room seats up to forty comfortably. Every window and glass door is bejeweled with stain glass that change the color of the interior rooms as the sun passes. The house also has 16 levels, a bowling alley, and a rain water channel system to spread the rain water out to the various flower boxes.

We ate at the Cozy Dog Cafe. It was my first corn dog and pretty tasty. It is an icon on Rt. 66. We left Springfield knowing we would have to return and see all the other historical sites, but now it was time to get lost again and go to St. Louis.

By the way, did you know that Illinois has some pretty good lawyers, you can call Lawyers.com and find out, they use Lincoln as their logo too?

Rt. 66 Road Trip

2009-06-25T05:20:00.000-07:00

After passing through the buckle of the corn belt, we needed food! So we stopped on Rt.66 at the Launching Pad Cafe. The Launching Pad is a mom and pop store that is all decorated in 66 memorabilia. The feature was the whopper, no relation to the king. It was fresh made, delicious and wrapped up in wax paper like when I was a kid. We ate for $19.25 for a family of five and the Gemini Giant above watched us as we waved bye.

We drove from Wilmington Ill to Braidwood just down the road. Stopping for ice cream on a hot day, we ran into a cast of characters at the Polka Dot Drive In.

The drive in was recently redone in a 50's retro look and the wife was happy we stopped. The kids loved the ice cream including the hot fudge shake.

After cooling off, everyone wanted to dance.

Jumping back on Rt. 66, we headed south. Directions from signage is not consistant. One moment you are cruising along and then you are lost because some sign that was a must was not there and you are circling a development. Illinois is doing an upgrade on this along with resurfacing the road. In the meantime, Rt. 66 is long stretches of nothing. Some people say, "what is the point of traveling this at 55, when the interstate is right there and you can do 65!"

So I remind them," it's not about making time, it's about having a good time."

In Bloomington, there were alot of u-turns due to a lack of signs, but I am flexible. We wound up going through several small towns on the different configurations of Rt. 66. One of the small, small towns was Funk's Grove Illinois. In the Grove, they make maple sirup(no mis-spel). They have done so for decades and let me tell you, it is delicious.

We cruised on staying for the night at the Comfort Suite in Springfield and eating at Cheddar's. It was a needed recharge for sick kids and a tired mom. The route will get tougher after we cross the Mississippi and into the desert. The Comfort Suite was 9 towels and Cheddars was a wonderful meal with a cold libation, excellent.

This morning, we visit Lincoln's home, the Dana-Thomas House, and the State Capitol, both old and new. Then we move on with our great American road trip along Rt. 66

........young man!

2009-06-24T19:14:00.000-07:00

Horace Greeley once said "Go west young man" and so I did. I drove from the New York area across New Jersey, Pennsylvannia, West Virginia, Ohio, Indianna, and Illinois. While I was trying to position myself for a trip on Rt. 66, America's Main Street, I found I was traveling on another Main Street.

I visited the Headquarters and Factory of Longaberger Baskets. The Headquarters are pictured at the top of this page. The display outside the Factory is next. The family had a fun time. The factory is unusual. It is set up like a small town with a lot of false fronts. Behind the facade are all the different shops that Longaberger sponsors. You don't have to be a basket enthusiast to have a good time. You can even make your own basket, very cool.

We left Longaberger for Rt. 224/24 and found ourselves on a less heralded Main Street. We rode through crossroads, towns, and small cities. The edges of the towns were defined by the corn fields. The communities had no stop lights or street lights, ok they had one...street light. Usually it was in front of the church with the white steeple. The church was something out of a New England post card. The houses ranged the spectrum from cottages covered in ginger breading to McMansions, ranches, farm houses, trailers, and pre-fabs. The streets were usually tree lined, with their branches reaching out to give needed shade. These were Main Streets too, just not as heralded as Rt. 66.

Our neighbors were working on the sides of the road. Sometimes I knew them well enough to call them by their nic- name like Mack or Cat, other times I was more polite, calling them Misters' McCallister, Peterbilt, and John Deere. Everyone knows their name, we would not be the country we are with out them.

I had no time to stop and really learn about these towns. I had to go, to motor west from Chicago to the California Coast. I'll be back.

I stayed at the Holiday Inn Express in Huntington Indianna. I give it 8 towels out of 10, no elevator for a two story hotel.

D-Day 2009

2009-06-13T10:54:00.000-07:00

June 6th has come and gone. It is a memorial day of sorts. While it is specific in nature, it is easy to look beyond the day's participants to all participants of WWII and all veterans everywhere. They are slowly disappearing. I have known many WWII veterans, uncles, friends' fathers, and former bosses. I praise and appreciate them all.

Memorial Day

2009-05-26T09:47:00.000-07:00

Memorial Day has come and gone. I attended the services at Ocean Beach on Fire Island New York. The parade was small, the crowd was large. The veterans of different branches all came to attention and saluted the flag. Many in the crowd wiped a tear from their eyes as they remembered loved ones who are no longer with us that served. The Mayor's speech was not the most eloquent I have heard, but it was one of the most sincere. The rifles were fired in salute and taps was played.

We still have over one hundred thousand men and women at arms, in the battle zone. We do not know what the future holds and there are many hot spots around the globe. It would be nice to imagine a Memorial Day where no more names are added to the lists of soldiers lost.

SOOOOOO COOL

2009-04-08T19:50:00.000-07:00

About a year ago I found out about Maureen Taylor's work. She and her co-author David Lambert have gone about finding pictures from the early days of photography of Revolutionary War soldiers. The men are old in these photos, but you can look into the eyes of the men who fought for this country before it was a country. They include life stories as well and they are great. They have a book coming out later this year and I can't wait. Here is the web page for the article:

http://www.maureentaylor.com/projects.htm

DEAR FRIENDS IN HISTORY

2009-03-31T13:33:00.000-07:00

If you are here, you see I write a history/ travel page and now a blog site. As I travel around visiting historical places, I am happy to see fellow history enthusiasts. Most are struggling to maintain what they have. In the present economic downtown, I am sure it will be more difficult.

I hope with so many historical entusiasts aware of each other and on one location that a mutual support may develop. After all, the thirteen original colonies would have failed if they did not join together. I will continue to encourage all the readers of my site to visit the many places I have been. With increased awareness and patronage, only good will follow.

"You must be the change you wish to see in the world." Mohandas Ghandi